Blast and Impact Analyses of RC Beams Considering Bond-Slip Effect and Loading History of Constituent Materials

An improved numerical model that can simulate the nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete beams subjected to blast and impact loadings is introduced in this paper. The layered section approach is based in the formulation, and the dynamic material behaviors of concrete and steel are defined with the use of the dynamic increase factor. Unlike the classical layered section approach that usually gives conservative structural responses because of no consideration of the bond-slip effect, the introduced numerical model takes into account the bond-slip between reinforcing steel and surrounding concrete by changing the bending stiffness EI of elements placed within the plastic hinge length. Since the bond-slip developed after yielding of reinforcing steel is dominant and accompanies fixed-end rotation, the equivalent bending stiffness to be used in the critical region can be evaluated on the basis of the compatibility condition. In advance, the consideration of the unloading and reloading histories of reinforcing steel and concrete makes it possible to exactly trace the structural behavior even after reaching the maximum structural response. Finally, correlation studies between analytical results and experimental data are conducted to establish the validity of the introduced numerical model, and the obtained results show that it is important to consider the bond-slip effect and the loading history of constituent materials.